Browsing by Author "Kizito Sabala"

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    Implications of Military Deployment in Internal Security Operations in Turkana East Sub-County, Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2025-10) Kennedy Kilel; Peterlinus Odote; Kizito Sabala
    Persistent insecurity in Turkana East Sub-County, Kenya, driven by inter-ethnic conflicts, cross-border raids, and resource competition, prompted the deployment of the Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) under Operation Maliza Uhalifu in 2019. This study investigates the implications of military involvement in internal security on community safety, civil-military relations, and local governance structures. Utilizing a community security framework, the research draws on qualitative data from local stakeholders and secondary sources to examine how KDF presence influences physical security, institutional legitimacy, and social cohesion. Findings indicate that while the deployment has led to a notable reduction in violence and improvements in basic services, challenges remain regarding the militarisation of civilian spaces, erosion of traditional conflict resolution mechanisms, and limited civilian oversight. The study concludes that achieving sustainable peace in Turkana East requires a shift from military-led security interventions to inclusive, community-driven strategies that enhance civil-military cooperation and support local governance. The paper recommends embedding security efforts within broader development and reconciliation initiatives to ensure long-term stability and resilience.
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    National Food Policies and Food Security in Kenya's Arid and Semi-Arid Lands
    (International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR), 2024-08) Asma Diramo Kofa; Kizito Sabala; Joseph Mutungi
    Food insecurity remains a persistent challenge in Kenya's Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) due to a combination of frequent climate shocks such as droughts, floods and livestock diseases. These extremes disrupt traditional ways of life and devastate crops and livestock, leaving communities with little to no food. This paper examined the effect of national food policies and strategies on food security in these fragile regions, specifically focusing on initiatives designed to address the recurring problem. The arguments of the decentralization and institutional capacity theories were used to guide the analysis. Methodologically, the study employed a descriptive survey research design to inform data collection and analysis. The research established that despite government interventions, food insecurity remains prevalent in ASAL regions. The causes of this insecurity are multifaceted, encompassing factors such as climate variability, restricted access to resources and socio-economic disparities. The paper recommends a review of national food policies targeting ASALs to align them with the drivers of food insecurity. The review should include community engagement and stakeholder collaboration to attain effective and sustainable solutions.