Browsing by Author "Peterlinus Ouma Odote"

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    Assessing the Impact of Government Security Policies on the Frequency and Severity of Al-Shabaab Attacks in Mandera County, Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2025) Mohamed Sirat Yussuf; Peterlinus Ouma Odote; James Kimuyu
    This study evaluates the impact of government security policies and programs on the frequency and severity of Al-Shabaab attacks in Mandera County, Kenya, from 2014 to 2024. Researchers collected quantitative and qualitative data by carrying out structured questionnaires among 250 respondents and interviews with key informants. According to the results, only 21.6% of people are aware of counterterrorism policies put in place by the government. Most participants thought that attacks from Al-Shabaab were very severe (65%), but part of them expressed uncertainty about the effectiveness of those actions (24.8%) and part of them felt the measures were not enough (46.4%). Results from regression analysis showed that a bigger military presence (β = 0.358) and stronger border patrols (β = 0.283) strongly reduced the number of terrorist activities, but surveillance technologies influenced them to a moderate degree only (β = 0.276). Research suggests that government support and community-based activities had only a small impact which might result from poor decisions about using resources and making policies. Improving security outcomes was found to rely on stronger collaboration and the exchange of information between the police and the community. Based on the findings, sustaining effective counterterrorism work in Mandera County requires having military, community and inter-agency strengths, plus programs to educate the public.
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    Youth-Focused Programs and Peace-Building: A Policy Framework for Sustainable Employment and Security in Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2025-10) George Moses Otieno; Peterlinus Ouma Odote; Zedekia Sidha
    Unemployment among the youth has been an issue of serious concern on peace and security in Kenya and thus there is need to explore available programs and international best practice. This article examines the success of existing youth-oriented programs in Kenya and compares them with other jurisdictions. The comparison with the other jurisdiction then offers a policy framework on how Kenya can engage youth sustainably. By analyzing programs like the National Youth Service (NYS) in Kenya and the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) in Nigeria, as well as innovative projects such as agricultural programs and blue economy projects, this paper finds gaps in the existing policy frameworks. The study reveals that despite the existence of individual program, Kenya does not have a coordinated government policy that will help in effective school to employment transitions. The results indicate that a multi-sectoral model that takes into consideration the extended education, development of skills, agricultural modernization and formal working opportunities can greatly increase the involvement of youth thus decreasing the level of threats to security. This framework deals with expected issues about economic reasons that would either support or not support the economic feasibility. The support or non-support uses arguments of cost-of-inaction and multifaceted resource mobilization. Moreover, the suggested model includes certain protection against political capture with the help of multi stakeholder forms of governance and evidence-based monitoring systems.