Browsing by Author "Victor Muithya"

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    Assessing the Effectiveness of Recruitment Practices in the National Police Service and their Impact on National Security in Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2025-07) David Koome Mutea; Dennis Ndambo; Victor Muithya
    This study examined the effectiveness of recruitment practices within the National Police Service (NPS) of Kenya and their implications for national security. The research aimed to assess whether current recruitment procedures align with the operational needs and professional standards required to safeguard internal security. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study integrated quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with NPS personnel across various ranks and regions. The findings revealed key shortcomings in the recruitment process, including inadequate vetting mechanisms, political interference, limited transparency, and the lack of merit-based selection. These factors have contributed to the entry of underqualified and sometimes compromised individuals into the service, undermining professionalism, discipline, and operational effectiveness. The study further established that weak recruitment systems hinder the NPS’s ability to respond effectively to evolving security threats, eroding public trust and weakening national security. The study recommends reforming recruitment frameworks to emphasize integrity, competence, and institutional accountability as critical steps toward strengthening the security sector and enhancing the legitimacy of the police service in Kenya.
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    Strengthening the Fight Against Money Laundering: Kenya's Government Initiatives
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2025-09) David Kipngetich Bii; Victor Muithya; Charles Imbiakha
    Money Laundering (ML) is one of the global growing concerns in addressing security threats at national, regional, and global levels. Over time, ML has been associated with National Security (NS) threats such as terrorism, drug trafficking, human trafficking, corruption, and other economic crimes. In Kenya, the association of ML to national security threats remain unexplored. This study, therefore, evaluated the association between money laundering and national security threats in Kenya. The study's general objective was to evaluate efforts government efforts in combating ML activities in Kenya. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design which supported the utilisation of a simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling to obtain 22 respondents from security agencies and private sector players engaged in anti-money laundering activities. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques were applied to obtain findings. The study established that ML occurs through complex channels that remain a challenge to both government agencies and financial institutions. The dynamics of the ML are manifested through unpredictable ways in mainstream banking and non-banking systems. In the wake of these NS threats, the government of Kenya has remained proactive through stepping up efforts in preventive and control of ML, however, the practice persists. The study concluded that effects of ML are far reaching and indicate the intricate web of criminal activities that transcend beyond Kenyan borders. ML is therefore a cause for weakening national security systems as well as a contributor to other criminal activities. Unless addressed, ML will remain a significant phenomenon in the national security systems that requires institutional and normative frameworks to be addressed. The study recommended the government to strengthen AML compliance policies and increase funding to agencies involved in the fight against ML.