Akumu Flavia2025-09-142025-09-142024https://repository.ndu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/154The exponential growth of Kenya's population in recent decades has resulted in a corresponding surge in food consumption. This has exerted significant strain on the country's agricultural infrastructure. Trans Nzoia County, situated in the Rift Valley region of Kenya, has gained a reputation as the agricultural hub of the nation due to its fertile soils and favorable climatic conditions. The county has the capacity to make a substantial contribution to Kenya's food security. However, it has encountered many challenges that have hindered its progress. This study, therefore, looked at the County Government's Agricultural Initiatives and their influence on Food Security in Trans Nzoia East. The study was guided by three main objectives, to assess the influence of subsidized input by the County government on agricultural production in Trans Nzoia East, to examine the influence of County government capacity building on farmers’ agricultural production in Trans Nzoia East and to investigate how County infrastructure development has affected food accessibility and availability in Trans Nzoia East. The study was grounded in Schultz's Schultzian Theory. The research design of the study was a descriptive research design incorporating a mixed methodology approach. The research used both primary and secondary data. The study adopted the survey as the data collection instrument, which took the form of a questionnaire. The sample frame for this study involved 65 local farmers, 15 County government officials, and other professionals within the farming industry ecosystems in Trans Nzoia East. The results show that County government Agricultural Initiatives have had a significant positive effect on food security in Trans Nzoia East. Subsidized inputs programs such as fertilizers and seeds have translated into high agricultural production rates with greater household food availability. Additionally, capacity building programs and extension services have helped to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers so that they can adopt modern agriculture practices, generating higher yields. Nevertheless, obstacles like lack of adequate infrastructure, inability to reach markets, and governance have continued to undermine the full realization of benefits. The major themes that emerge from the qualitative analysis include subsidized input and its influence on farmers’ choice of crops, extension services as a way of improving agricultural production efficiency, and infrastructure problems in transportation as well as market access. Input subsidies were also criticized in terms of sustainability, and stakeholders emphasized the importance of transparency and accountability required from implementation levels. From the findings of this research, recommendations are provided with a view to improving efficiency and effectiveness performance of County government Agricultural Initiatives in boosting food security levels within the region. Some of these are strengthening extension services, improving input provision, enhancing infrastructure investment, motivating diversification efforts, and encouraging public-private partnerships in procurement and financing incentives programs, respectively. By focusing on these research priorities and implementing the recommendations provided, policymakers can act with practitioners and stakeholders to pursue sustainable agricultural growth that is able to provide food security and improve the livelihoods of rural communities in the Trans Nzoia East, Kenya, as well as the rest of the country.enThesis