National Defence College

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Browsing National Defence College by Author "Wamboi Jane F"

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    Influence of Climate Change on Human Security in Tsavo Conservation Area, Kenya
    (NDU-K, 2023) Wamboi Jane F
    The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of climate change on human security in the Tsavo Conservation Area in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to analyze the climate change profile in the Tsavo conservation area, to investigate the human security concerns in in Tsavo conservation area, and to determine the link between the climate change profile and the human security in the Tsavo Conservation Area. The study was anchored on human security theory and social security theory. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, including both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. The sample for the study included 3 staff from the Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife, 4 staff from the Kenya Wildlife Service (Headquarters), 4 staff from the Kenya Wildlife Service in TCA, 6 staff from the Kenya Wildlife Research and Training Institute, 9 opinion leaders from the community and 384 Community Members living adjacent to TCA. The study applied questionnaires, interview schedules, and focused group discussions. Before actual data collection pilot tests were conducted to ascertain reliability and validity aspects. Data collection involved both administration of google-survey questionnaire using a computerized data kit as well as face-to-face interviews and group discussions. Data that was collected was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Findings were presented in tables, pie charts, bar-graphs, and narratives. The study received a 100% response rate. The study found that the Tsavo climate profile was characterized by declining rainfall, rise in temperatures, changes in weather patterns that were hard to predict, and draught. The study revealed that there were multiple human security concerns in the Tsavo conservancy area including food shortage, water shortage and poor quality of water, displacement, and migration, declining economic opportunities, changes in biodiversity and ecosystems, and changes in cultural activities. Lastly, the study revealed that climatic changes had influenced human security profoundly where climatic changes had resulted in food problems, poor quality of drinking water, increase in conflicts and personal security concerns, deteriorations in the health of residents, and decline of economic opportunities. The study concluded that climate change had influenced human security to a great extent. The study recommended strengthening of education and awareness platforms on climate change, application of sustainable practices in food production, collaboration with both local and international community to leverage adaptation and mitigation mechanisms which include, diversification of livelihoods, water harvesting, and plans on how to handle displacements.